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<channel xml:lang="fr">
	<title>ENS - D&#233;partment de biologie</title>
	<link>https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/</link>
	<description></description>
	<language>fr</language>
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<item xml:lang="fr">
		<title>Germ&#225;n Sumbre, laur&#233;at du programme Impulscience de la Fondation Bettencourt Schueller</title>
		<link>https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/spip.php?article1139</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/spip.php?article1139</guid>
		<dc:date>2025-12-11T13:11:02Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Tommaso VILLA</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>Carrousel</dc:subject>

		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Impulscience attribue chaque ann&#233;e 7 nouveaux soutiens &#224; des chercheuses et chercheurs en sciences de la vie. Concentr&#233; sur le milieu de carri&#232;re, ce programme a pour objectif de soutenir cette &#233;tape cruciale pour le d&#233;veloppement des projets de recherche. La Fondation accompagne financi&#232;rement chaque projet sur une dur&#233;e de 5 ans &#224; hauteur de 2,3 millions d'euros, comprenant la prise en charge des frais de gestion et une prime personnelle du chercheur. &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Plus d'information sur le programme (&#8230;)&lt;/p&gt;


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&lt;a href="https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/spip.php?rubrique56" rel="directory"&gt;2025&lt;/a&gt;

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		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;img src='https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/local/cache-vignettes/L150xH46/bannie_rehighlight_g.sumbre_impulscience2025_fond_bettencourt-8f078.jpg?1782334941' class='spip_logo spip_logo_right' width='150' height='46' alt=&#034;&#034; /&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Impulscience&lt;/strong&gt; attribue chaque ann&#233;e 7 nouveaux soutiens &#224; des chercheuses et chercheurs en sciences de la vie. Concentr&#233; sur le milieu de carri&#232;re, ce programme a pour objectif de soutenir cette &#233;tape cruciale pour le d&#233;veloppement des projets de recherche. La Fondation accompagne financi&#232;rement chaque projet sur une dur&#233;e de 5 ans &#224; hauteur de 2,3 millions d'euros, comprenant la prise en charge des frais de gestion et une prime personnelle du chercheur.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Plus d'information sur le programme Impulscience &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.fondationbs.org/ce-que-nous-faisons/sciences-de-la-vie/impulscience&#034; class=&#034;spip_url spip_out auto&#034; rel=&#034;nofollow external&#034;&gt;https://www.fondationbs.org/ce-que-nous-faisons/sciences-de-la-vie/impulscience&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Plus d'information sur le projet de Germ&#225;n Sumbre&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.fondationbs.org/notre-communaute/laureats-et-projets/german-sumbre&#034; class=&#034;spip_url spip_out auto&#034; rel=&#034;nofollow external&#034;&gt;https://www.fondationbs.org/notre-communaute/laureats-et-projets/german-sumbre&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		
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	</item>
<item xml:lang="fr">
		<title>Chemical inhibition of exon junction complex assembly impairs mRNA localization and neural stem cells ciliogenesis</title>
		<link>https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/spip.php?article1133</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/spip.php?article1133</guid>
		<dc:date>2025-11-25T12:11:25Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Tommaso VILLA</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>Carrousel</dc:subject>

		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Authors Tommaso Villa, Oriane Pourcelot, David Dierks, Marion Faucourt, Cindy Burel, Floric Slimani, L&#233;a Guyonne, Nathalie Spassky, Schraga Schwartz, Edouard Bertrand, Olivier Bensaude, Herv&#233; Le Hir &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Abstract The exon junction complex (EJC) is formed by the essential eIF4A3, MAGOH, and Y14 core proteins. It is universally deposited during splicing at exon-exon junctions. The EJC is known to impact almost every post-transcriptional regulatory step throughout the life of messenger RNAs (&#8230;)&lt;/p&gt;


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 <content:encoded>&lt;img src='https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/local/cache-vignettes/L150xH46/bannie_rehighlight_tommasovilla_v3b-3283a.png?1782334941' class='spip_logo spip_logo_right' width='150' height='46' alt=&#034;&#034; /&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Authors&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Tommaso Villa, Oriane Pourcelot, David Dierks, Marion Faucourt, Cindy Burel, Floric Slimani, L&#233;a Guyonne, Nathalie Spassky, Schraga Schwartz, Edouard Bertrand, Olivier Bensaude, Herv&#233; Le Hir&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h5&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abstract&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h5&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The exon junction complex (EJC) is formed by the essential eIF4A3, MAGOH, and Y14 core proteins. It is universally deposited during splicing at exon-exon junctions. The EJC is known to impact almost every post-transcriptional regulatory step throughout the life of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) including their modifications, splicing, decay, and trafficking. Its dysregulation leads to neurodevelopmental pathologies. Here, we show that EJC-i, a compound known to block the ATPase activity of eIF4A3, inhibits &lt;i&gt;de novo&lt;/i&gt; EJC assembly. EJC-i and targeted knockdown of either eIF4A3 or Y14 core EJC subunits lead to very similar phenotypes by impacting the destiny of mRNAs due to alterations in alternative splicing, nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, genome-wide m6A methylation, and proper localization of specific transcripts, in particular to the centrosome. Both EJC impairment methods disrupt the centrosome function, which might be responsible for mitotic arrest at prometaphase. As a small molecule that readily diffuses into cells, EJC-i is a particularly easy-to-use and versatile tool to investigate EJC functions in live cells or whole organisms that are not prone to genetic manipulation. Indeed, this property was used to disrupt ciliogenesis in primary neural stem cells.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkaf1200&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;More information&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_ps'&gt;&lt;p&gt;Nucleic Acids Res. 2025 Nov 13 ;53(21):gkaf1200. doi : 10.1093/nar/gkaf1200&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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	</item>
<item xml:lang="fr">
		<title>Transposable elements are vectors of recurrent transgenerational epigenetic inheritance</title>
		<link>https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/spip.php?article1124</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/spip.php?article1124</guid>
		<dc:date>2025-11-12T14:25:43Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Fr&#233;d&#233;rique Godfroid</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>Carrousel</dc:subject>

		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Authors Pierre Baduel, Louna De Oliveira, Erwann Caillieux, Gr&#233;goire Bohl-Viallefond, Ciana Xu, Mounia El Messaoudi, Aur&#233;lien Petit, Ma&#235;va Dra&#239;, Matteo Barois, Vipin Singh, Alexis Sarazin, Felipe K Teixeira, Martine Boccara, Elodie Gilbault, Antoine de France, Leandro Quadrana, Olivier Loudet, Vincent Colot &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Abstract DNA methylation loss at transposable elements (TEs) can affect neighboring genes and be epigenetically inherited in plants, yet the determinants and significance of this (&#8230;)&lt;/p&gt;


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&lt;a href="https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/spip.php?rubrique56" rel="directory"&gt;2025&lt;/a&gt;

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		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;img src='https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/local/cache-vignettes/L150xH46/bannie_rehighlight_science_pierrebaduel_nov25_v2-12245.png?1782334941' class='spip_logo spip_logo_right' width='150' height='46' alt=&#034;&#034; /&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Authors&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Pierre Baduel, Louna De Oliveira, Erwann Caillieux, Gr&#233;goire Bohl-Viallefond, Ciana Xu, Mounia El Messaoudi, Aur&#233;lien Petit, Ma&#235;va Dra&#239;, Matteo Barois, Vipin Singh, Alexis Sarazin, Felipe K Teixeira, Martine Boccara, Elodie Gilbault, Antoine de France, Leandro Quadrana, Olivier Loudet, Vincent Colot&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h5&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abstract&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h5&gt;
&lt;p&gt;DNA methylation loss at transposable elements (TEs) can affect neighboring genes and be epigenetically inherited in plants, yet the determinants and significance of this additional system of inheritance are unknown. Here, we demonstrate in &lt;i&gt;Arabidopsis thaliana&lt;/i&gt; that transgenerational stability of experimentally-induced hypomethylation at TE loci is constrained by small RNAs derived from related copies. Using data from &gt;700 strains collected worldwide, we uncover similar and recurrent hypomethylation at hundreds of these TE loci, often near genes. Most natural epivariants we tested can be inherited without DNA sequence changes and are therefore bona fide epialleles, although genetic factors modulate their recurrence or persistence. Epiallelic variants often cause gene expression changes and may be targets of selection, thus revealing their contribution to heritable phenotypic variation in nature.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://doi.org/10.1126/science.ady3475&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;More information&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_ps'&gt;&lt;p&gt;Science. 2025 Sep 18:eady3475. doi : 10.1126/science.ady3475.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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	</item>
<item xml:lang="fr">
		<title>Excitatory glycine receptors control ventral hippocampus synaptic plasticity and anxiety-related behaviors</title>
		<link>https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/spip.php?article1107</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/spip.php?article1107</guid>
		<dc:date>2025-09-24T06:45:15Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Fr&#233;d&#233;rique Godfroid</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>Carrousel</dc:subject>

		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Authors Lara Pizzamiglio, Elise Morice, C&#233;cile Cardoso, Simon Bossi, Caroline Mailhes-Hamon, Moritz von Heimendahl, Gabrielle Girardeau, Pierre Paoletti &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Abstract Excitatory glycine receptors (eGlyRs), composed of the glycine-binding NMDA receptor subunits GluN1 and GluN3A, have recently emerged as a novel neuronal signaling modality that challenges the traditional view of glycine as an inhibitory neurotransmitter. Unlike conventional GluN1/GluN2 NMDARs, the distribution and role of eGlyRs (&#8230;)&lt;/p&gt;


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&lt;a href="https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/spip.php?rubrique56" rel="directory"&gt;2025&lt;/a&gt;

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 <content:encoded>&lt;img src='https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/local/cache-vignettes/L150xH46/bannie_rehighlight_pnas_equipe_p_paoletti_sept25_blanc-9225c.png?1782334941' class='spip_logo spip_logo_right' width='150' height='46' alt=&#034;&#034; /&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Authors&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt; Lara Pizzamiglio, Elise Morice, C&#233;cile Cardoso, Simon Bossi, Caroline Mailhes-Hamon, Moritz von Heimendahl, Gabrielle Girardeau, Pierre Paoletti&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h5&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abstract&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h5&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Excitatory glycine receptors (eGlyRs), composed of the glycine-binding NMDA receptor subunits GluN1 and GluN3A, have recently emerged as a novel neuronal signaling modality that challenges the traditional view of glycine as an inhibitory neurotransmitter. Unlike conventional GluN1/GluN2 NMDARs, the distribution and role of eGlyRs remain poorly understood. Here, we show that eGlyRs are highly enriched in the ventral hippocampus (VH) and confer distinct properties on this brain region. eGlyRs display a massive expression in both VH CA1 pyramidal cells and SST- and PV-positive interneurons, whereas in the dorsal hippocampus (DH) pyramidal cells lack these receptors. eGlyRs mediate excitatory tonic currents and control VH network excitability. They are also responsible for the attenuated long-term potentiation (LTP) in the VH compared with the DH, providing a molecular basis for this difference. Furthermore, eGlyRs are required for regulation of VH LTP by corticosterone, pointing to eGlyRs as mediators of the neuroendocrine stress response. Consistent with this pervasive influence in the ventral division of the hippocampus, eGlyRs contribute to the modulation of anxiety-related behaviors. Our work identifies eGlyRs as key players in VH circuitry and function, demonstrating their intimate association with brain regions that control internal states and emotional processing.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2501118122&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;More information&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_ps'&gt;&lt;p&gt;Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2025 Sep 16 ;122(37):e2501118122. doi : 10.1073/pnas.2501118122&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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	</item>
<item xml:lang="fr">
		<title>Jo&#235;lle Barido-Sottani, laur&#233;ate de l'appel d'offre ERC &#034;Starting Grant&#034; 2025</title>
		<link>https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/spip.php?article1109</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/spip.php?article1109</guid>
		<dc:date>2025-09-22T08:21:35Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Fr&#233;d&#233;rique Godfroid</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>Carrousel</dc:subject>

		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Ce contrat finance de jeunes chercheuses et chercheurs de toutes nationalit&#233;s, pour leur permettre de mener des projets de recherches innovants et de tr&#232;s haut niveau. &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Information &#224; propos des laur&#233;ats &#034;ERC Starting Grants&#034; 2025 h&#233;berg&#233;s par le CNRS&lt;/p&gt;


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 <content:encoded>&lt;img src='https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/local/cache-vignettes/L150xH46/bannie_rehighlight_j_barido_erc_startinggrant2025_sept25-c1462.png?1782334941' class='spip_logo spip_logo_right' width='150' height='46' alt=&#034;&#034; /&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ce contrat finance de jeunes chercheuses et chercheurs de toutes nationalit&#233;s, pour leur permettre de mener des projets de recherches innovants et de tr&#232;s haut niveau.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.cnrs.fr/fr/actualite/erc-starting-2025-les-laureats-heberges-par-le-cnrs&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Information &#224; propos des laur&#233;ats &#034;ERC Starting Grants&#034; 2025 h&#233;berg&#233;s par le CNRS&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		
		</content:encoded>


		

	</item>
<item xml:lang="fr">
		<title>Optochemical profiling of NMDAR molecular diversity at synaptic and extrasynaptic sites</title>
		<link>https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/spip.php?article1102</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/spip.php?article1102</guid>
		<dc:date>2025-07-29T13:02:47Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Fr&#233;d&#233;rique Godfroid</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>Carrousel</dc:subject>

		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Abstract Neurotransmitter receptors are critical for neuronal communication. They often form large multimeric complexes that differ in their subunit composition, distribution, and signaling properties. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), a class of glutamate-gated ion channels with essential roles in brain development and plasticity, co-exist as multiple subtypes, with GluN2A diheteromers, GluN2B diheteromers, and GluN2A/GluN2B triheteromers prevailing in the adult forebrain. Studying (&#8230;)&lt;/p&gt;


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		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;img src='https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/local/cache-vignettes/L150xH46/bannie_rehighlight_embojournal_laetitia_mony_juil25_v1-bba33.jpg?1782334941' class='spip_logo spip_logo_right' width='150' height='46' alt=&#034;&#034; /&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;h5&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Abstract&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h5&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Neurotransmitter receptors are critical for neuronal communication. They often form large multimeric complexes that differ in their subunit composition, distribution, and signaling properties. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), a class of glutamate-gated ion channels with essential roles in brain development and plasticity, co-exist as multiple subtypes, with GluN2A diheteromers, GluN2B diheteromers, and GluN2A/GluN2B triheteromers prevailing in the adult forebrain. Studying individual subtypes in native tissues with subunit stoichiometry resolution remains challenging, and the relative abundance and subcellular distribution of these subtypes remain controversial. Here we develop and use the photochemical tool Opto2B for specific and reversible modulation of GluN2B diheteromers, while leaving other receptor subtypes (in particular GluN2A/GluN2B triheteromers) unaffected. Using Opto2B, we characterize the differential contribution of GluN2B diheteromers to synaptic and extrasynaptic NMDAR pools during mouse development. Our results suggest that GluN2A receptors predominate in both pools in adult hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells, with no preferential contribution of GluN2B diheteromers to extrasynaptic currents, challenging the common view that GluN2A and GluN2B NMDARs segregate in synaptic and extrasynaptic compartments, respectively. Our study addresses long-standing questions on extrasynaptic NMDARs and paves the way for interrogating NMDAR signaling diversity with unprecedented molecular and spatio-temporal resolution.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://doi.org/10.1038/s44318-025-00498-x&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;More information&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_ps'&gt;&lt;p&gt;EMBO J. 2025 Jul 8. doi : 10.1038/s44318-025-00498-x&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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	</item>
<item xml:lang="fr">
		<title>A genetically defined pontine nucleus essential for ingestion in mice</title>
		<link>https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/spip.php?article1097</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/spip.php?article1097</guid>
		<dc:date>2025-07-28T14:01:09Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Fr&#233;d&#233;rique Godfroid</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>Carrousel</dc:subject>

		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Abstract The first phase of feeding consists in the procurement of solid foods from the environment by biting, and their preparation for swallowing by chewing. These actions require the precise coordination of tens of orofacial muscles for the jaw and tongue. The seat for this motor patterning is known to reside in the reticular formation, a complex and poorly mapped region of the hindbrain, but the neuron groups involved are still elusive. Here, we characterize a group of excitatory (&#8230;)&lt;/p&gt;


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		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;img src='https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/local/cache-vignettes/L150xH46/bannie_rehighlight_pnas_jf_brunet_juil25_v2-01f4e.png?1782334941' class='spip_logo spip_logo_right' width='150' height='46' alt=&#034;&#034; /&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;h5&gt;Abstract&lt;/h5&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The first phase of feeding consists in the procurement of solid foods from the environment by biting, and their preparation for swallowing by chewing. These actions require the precise coordination of tens of orofacial muscles for the jaw and tongue. The seat for this motor patterning is known to reside in the reticular formation, a complex and poorly mapped region of the hindbrain, but the neuron groups involved are still elusive. Here, we characterize a group of excitatory reticular interneurons located in the supratrigeminal area that express the homeodomain transcription factor Phox2b. This nucleus-Sup5&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;Phox2b&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;-is premotor to both jaw-closing and jaw-opening motoneurons and receives direct input from cranial sensory afferents, motor cortex, and satiation related nuclei. Its activity differentially tracks lapping, biting, and chewing movements, suggesting its involvement in the elaboration of distinct orofacial motor patterns in vivo. Acute global activation or inhibition of Sup5&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;Phox2b&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; by optogenetics interrupt volitional feeding sequences. Thus, Sup5&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;Phox2b&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; is an obligatory subcortical node, topologically and genetically defined, in the neural circuits that control the oral phase of feeding in mice.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2411174122&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;More information&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_ps'&gt;&lt;p&gt;Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2025 Jul 22 ;122(29):e2411174122. doi : 10.1073/pnas.2411174122&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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	</item>
<item xml:lang="fr">
		<title>Modulation of SARS-CoV-2 spike binding to ACE2 through conformational selection</title>
		<link>https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/spip.php?article1096</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/spip.php?article1096</guid>
		<dc:date>2025-07-24T15:45:31Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Fr&#233;d&#233;rique Godfroid</dc:creator>


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		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Authors : Prithwidip Saha#, Ignacio Fernandez#, Fidan Sumbul#, Claire Valotteau#, Dorota Kostrz#, Annalisa Meola, Eduard Baquero, Arvind Sharma, James R Portman, Fran&#231;ois Stransky, Thomas Boudier, Pablo Guardado-Calvo, Charlie Gosse, Terence Strick, Felix A Rey, Felix Rico &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Abstract The first step of SARS-CoV-2 infection involves the interaction between the viral trimeric spike protein (S) and the host angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). The receptor-binding domain (RBD) of S adopts (&#8230;)&lt;/p&gt;


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 <content:encoded>&lt;img src='https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/local/cache-vignettes/L150xH46/bannie_rehighlight_naturecom_terence-strick_juil25_nano-5bf72.jpg?1782334941' class='spip_logo spip_logo_right' width='150' height='46' alt=&#034;&#034; /&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Authors :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Prithwidip Saha&lt;sup&gt;#&lt;/sup&gt;, Ignacio Fernandez&lt;sup&gt;#&lt;/sup&gt;, Fidan Sumbul&lt;sup&gt;#&lt;/sup&gt;, Claire Valotteau&lt;sup&gt;#&lt;/sup&gt;, Dorota Kostrz&lt;sup&gt;#&lt;/sup&gt;, Annalisa Meola, Eduard Baquero, Arvind Sharma, James R Portman, Fran&#231;ois Stransky, Thomas Boudier, Pablo Guardado-Calvo, Charlie Gosse, Terence Strick, Felix A Rey, Felix Rico&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h5&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abstract&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h5&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The first step of SARS-CoV-2 infection involves the interaction between the viral trimeric spike protein (S) and the host angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). The receptor-binding domain (RBD) of S adopts two conformations : open and closed, respectively accessible and inaccessible to ACE2. Although these changes surely affect ACE2 binding, a quantitative description of the underlying mechanisms has remained elusive. Here we visualize RBD opening and closing using high-speed atomic force microscopy, gaining access to the corresponding transition rates. We also probe the S/ACE2 interaction at the ensemble level with biolayer interferometry and at the single-molecule level with atomic force microscopy and magnetic tweezers, evidencing that RBD dynamics hinder ACE2 binding but have no effect on unbinding. The resulting modulation is quantitatively predicted by a conformational selection model in which each S protomer behaves independently. Our work thus reveals a molecular mechanism by which RBD accessibility and binding strength can be tuned separately, providing hints to better understand the joint evolution of immune evasion and infectivity.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-025-01908-1&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;More information&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_ps'&gt;&lt;p&gt;Nat Nanotechnol. 2025 Jun 10. doi : 10.1038/s41565-025-01908-1&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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	</item>
<item xml:lang="fr">
		<title>H&#233;l&#232;ne Morlon laur&#233;ate de l'appel &#224; projet &#034;Chaire d'Excellence en biologie/sant&#233;&#034; du plan France Innovation Sant&#233; 2030</title>
		<link>https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/spip.php?article1099</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/spip.php?article1099</guid>
		<dc:date>2025-07-18T08:19:07Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Fr&#233;d&#233;rique Godfroid</dc:creator>


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		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Le Projet Scientifique PlankDiv Diversification du plancton eucaryote oc&#233;anique Le plancton oc&#233;anique regroupe une vaste diversit&#233; d'organismes, indispensables au cycle du carbone, &#224; la r&#233;gulation du climat et au bon fonctionnement des &#233;cosyst&#232;mes marins. Certaines esp&#232;ces peuvent aussi &#234;tre &#224; l'origine de blooms toxiques (prolif&#233;rations), mena&#231;ant la sant&#233; des &#233;cosyst&#232;mes, des animaux et des humains. Un d&#233;fi biologique majeur consiste &#224; comprendre les m&#233;canismes qui g&#233;n&#232;rent et maintiennent (&#8230;)&lt;/p&gt;


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 <content:encoded>&lt;img src='https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/local/cache-vignettes/L150xH46/bannie_rehighlight_h.morlon_chaireexcel_bio_sante__juil25-64d1e.jpg?1782334941' class='spip_logo spip_logo_right' width='150' height='46' alt=&#034;&#034; /&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;h5&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Le Projet Scientifique PlankDiv&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h5&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diversification du plancton eucaryote oc&#233;anique&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Le plancton oc&#233;anique regroupe une vaste diversit&#233; d'organismes, indispensables au cycle du carbone, &#224; la r&#233;gulation du climat et au bon fonctionnement des &#233;cosyst&#232;mes marins. Certaines esp&#232;ces peuvent aussi &#234;tre &#224; l'origine de blooms toxiques (prolif&#233;rations), mena&#231;ant la sant&#233; des &#233;cosyst&#232;mes, des animaux et des humains.&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Un d&#233;fi biologique majeur consiste &#224; comprendre les m&#233;canismes qui g&#233;n&#232;rent et maintiennent la diversit&#233; planctonique dans les oc&#233;ans. Deux limites principales sont le manque de donn&#233;es (phylo)g&#233;n&#233;tiques robustes pour la plupart des groupes de plancton, et le manque d'outils de mod&#233;lisation con&#231;us pour explorer la diversification au sein de l'oc&#233;an, continuellement fa&#231;onn&#233; par les courants. &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Le projet &lt;strong&gt;PlankDiv&lt;/strong&gt; propose ici de caract&#233;riser les m&#233;canismes de diversification des principaux groupes de plancton eucaryote oc&#233;anique en exploitant trois ressources principales : i) des campagnes d'&#233;chantillonnage r&#233;centes men&#233;es &#224; l'&#233;chelle mondiale, ii) les technologies &#233;mergentes de s&#233;quen&#231;age long-read et iii) le d&#233;veloppement d'outils de mod&#233;lisation innovants.&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Ce projet va permettre, pour la premi&#232;re fois, de comparer l'&#233;volution des grands groupes de plancton eucaryote, en &#233;tudiant &#224; la fois les petits changements &#224; court terme et les grands processus &#233;volutifs &#224; long terme gr&#226;ce &#224; un acc&#232;s privil&#233;gi&#233; &#224; des &#233;chantillons uniques, &#224; un r&#233;seau de collaborations &#233;tendu et &#224; une expertise de premier plan en phylodynamique. Les r&#233;sultats du projet &lt;strong&gt;PlankDiv&lt;/strong&gt; permettront de mieux comprendre les m&#233;canismes sous-jacents &#224; la diversit&#233; du plancton dans les oc&#233;ans mondiaux.&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
&lt;a href=&#034;https://anr.fr/fileadmin/aap/2023/selection/france2030-aap-ChairesExcellenceBS-2023-selection-3.pdf&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Plus d'information &#224; propos des projets laur&#233;ats&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font color=#000583&gt;Le plan Innovation Sant&#233; 2030 vise &#224; restaurer la position de la France dans le champ de l'innovation en Biologie/Sant&#233;. Pour revenir au meilleur niveau international, la France doit augmenter son investissement sur toute la chaine de valeur, de la recherche fondamentale en sciences du vivant, &#224; la recherche translationnelle et clinique en sant&#233; et soutenir l'innovation. Elle doit aussi se donner les moyens d'attirer ou de maintenir sur le territoire national les meilleurs chercheurs mondiaux dans leur domaine. Leaders de la recherche en Biologie /Sant&#233;, ces chercheurs porteront l'ambition n&#233;cessaire pour mettre la France en t&#234;te des pays capables de g&#233;n&#233;rer la connaissance scientifique, &#224; m&#234;me de produire l'innovation et de favoriser le d&#233;veloppement des Biotechs et des Medtechs, dans le but d'am&#233;liorer la sant&#233; publique et d'attirer les investissements internationaux et les grands industriels de sant&#233;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
&lt;a href=&#034;https://anr.fr/fr/detail/call/chaire-dexcellence-en-biologiesante-appel-a-projets-2023/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Plus d'information sur le site de l'ANR &#224; propos des chaires d'excellence en biologie/sant&#233;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class='spip_document_761 spip_document spip_documents spip_document_file spip_documents_left spip_document_left spip_document_avec_legende' data-legende-len=&#034;55&#034; data-legende-lenx=&#034;x&#034;
&gt;
&lt;figure class=&#034;spip_doc_inner&#034;&gt;
&lt;a href='https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/IMG/pdf/cp-france2030-chaires-excellence.pdf' class=&#034; spip_doc_lien&#034; title='PDF - 3.8 Mio' type=&#034;application/pdf&#034;&gt;&lt;img src='https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/local/cache-vignettes/L64xH64/pdf-b8aed.svg?1782276905' width='64' height='64' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;figcaption class='spip_doc_legende'&gt; &lt;div class='spip_doc_titre '&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dossier de Presse&lt;br&gt;15 nouvelles distinctions&lt;br&gt;7Juil25
&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/figcaption&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		
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<item xml:lang="fr">
		<title>Sonia Garel laur&#233;ate de l'appel &#224; projet &#034;Chaire d'Excellence en biologie/sant&#233;&#034; du plan France Innovation Sant&#233; 2030</title>
		<link>https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/spip.php?article1098</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/spip.php?article1098</guid>
		<dc:date>2025-07-17T15:12:35Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Fr&#233;d&#233;rique Godfroid</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>Carrousel</dc:subject>

		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Le Projet scientifique MicoProtect D&#233;crypter les fonctions neuroprotectrices des microglies : du d&#233;veloppement c&#233;r&#233;bral aux maladies neurod&#233;g&#233;n&#233;ratives Les microglies sont des cellules pr&#233;sentes dans le syst&#232;me nerveux central. En adoptant divers &#233;tats transcriptionnels et cellulaires, ces cellules jouent des r&#244;les essentiels dans la physiologie c&#233;r&#233;brale et la compr&#233;hension des causes d'un grand nombre de maladies neurologiques et psychiatriques, depuis le d&#233;veloppement jusqu'&#224; la (&#8230;)&lt;/p&gt;


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 <content:encoded>&lt;img src='https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/local/cache-vignettes/L150xH46/bannie_rehighlight_s.garel_chaireexcel_bio_sante__juil25-ce8b0.jpg?1782334941' class='spip_logo spip_logo_right' width='150' height='46' alt=&#034;&#034; /&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;h5&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Le Projet scientifique MicoProtect&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h5&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;D&#233;crypter les fonctions neuroprotectrices des microglies : du d&#233;veloppement c&#233;r&#233;bral aux maladies neurod&#233;g&#233;n&#233;ratives&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Les microglies sont des cellules pr&#233;sentes dans le syst&#232;me nerveux central. En adoptant divers &#233;tats transcriptionnels et cellulaires, ces cellules jouent des r&#244;les essentiels dans la physiologie c&#233;r&#233;brale et la compr&#233;hension des causes d'un grand nombre de maladies neurologiques et psychiatriques, depuis le d&#233;veloppement jusqu'&#224; la neurod&#233;g&#233;n&#233;rescence. Comprendre comment ces &#233;tats influencent la sant&#233; des circuits c&#233;r&#233;braux tout au long de la vie repr&#233;sente un d&#233;fi majeur, avec un potentiel th&#233;rapeutique consid&#233;rable. Dans des mod&#232;les murins de maladies neurod&#233;g&#233;n&#233;ratives et de l&#233;sions, ainsi que chez les patients, les microglies adoptent un &#233;tat transcriptionnel et cellulaire particulier appel&#233; &#171; microglies associ&#233;es aux maladies &#187; (MAM). Ces microglies jouent un r&#244;le neuroprotecteur majeur, notamment en &#233;liminant les d&#233;bris et les agr&#233;gats de prot&#233;ines nocives. Un parall&#232;le remarquable a &#233;t&#233; mis en &#233;vidence : un &#233;tat microglial similaire aux MAM, nomm&#233; ATM, est pr&#233;sent durant le d&#233;veloppement pr&#233;natal en conditions physiologiques. Les ATM pr&#233;natales et les MAM partagent des voies mol&#233;culaires convergentes pour exercer leurs fonctions neuroprotectrices, r&#233;v&#233;lant une conservation fonctionnelle, du d&#233;veloppement &#224; la neurod&#233;g&#233;n&#233;rescence. &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Les travaux du projet &lt;strong&gt;MicroProtect&lt;/strong&gt; permettront de g&#233;n&#233;rer des avanc&#233;es scientifiques majeures et in&#233;dites sur les fonctions des &#233;tats microgliaux en conditions physiologiques et pathologiques, enrichissant notre compr&#233;hension de la biologie de ces cellules immunitaires essentielles. Le projet ouvrira la voie &#224; de nouvelles strat&#233;gies th&#233;rapeutiques exploitant les fonctions neuroprotectrices des microglies afin de promouvoir la sant&#233; c&#233;r&#233;brale tout au long de la vie et dans un large &#233;ventail de conditions pathologiques.&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
&lt;a href=&#034;https://anr.fr/fileadmin/aap/2023/selection/france2030-aap-ChairesExcellenceBS-2023-selection-3.pdf&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Plus d'information &#224; propos des projets laur&#233;ats&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font color=#000583&gt;Le plan Innovation Sant&#233; 2030 vise &#224; restaurer la position de la France dans le champ de l'innovation en Biologie/Sant&#233;. Pour revenir au meilleur niveau international, la France doit augmenter son investissement sur toute la chaine de valeur, de la recherche fondamentale en sciences du vivant, &#224; la recherche translationnelle et clinique en sant&#233; et soutenir l'innovation. Elle doit aussi se donner les moyens d'attirer ou de maintenir sur le territoire national les meilleurs chercheurs mondiaux dans leur domaine. Leaders de la recherche en Biologie /Sant&#233;, ces chercheurs porteront l'ambition n&#233;cessaire pour mettre la France en t&#234;te des pays capables de g&#233;n&#233;rer la connaissance scientifique, &#224; m&#234;me de produire l'innovation et de favoriser le d&#233;veloppement des Biotechs et des Medtechs, dans le but d'am&#233;liorer la sant&#233; publique et d'attirer les investissements internationaux et les grands industriels de sant&#233;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
&lt;a href=&#034;https://anr.fr/fr/detail/call/chaire-dexcellence-en-biologiesante-appel-a-projets-2023/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Plus d'information sur le site de l'ANR &#224; propos des chaires d'excellence en biologie/sant&#233;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class='spip_document_761 spip_document spip_documents spip_document_file spip_documents_left spip_document_left spip_document_avec_legende' data-legende-len=&#034;55&#034; data-legende-lenx=&#034;x&#034;
&gt;
&lt;figure class=&#034;spip_doc_inner&#034;&gt;
&lt;a href='https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/IMG/pdf/cp-france2030-chaires-excellence.pdf' class=&#034; spip_doc_lien&#034; title='PDF - 3.8 Mio' type=&#034;application/pdf&#034;&gt;&lt;img src='https://www.bio.ens.psl.eu/depbio/local/cache-vignettes/L64xH64/pdf-b8aed.svg?1782276905' width='64' height='64' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;figcaption class='spip_doc_legende'&gt; &lt;div class='spip_doc_titre '&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dossier de Presse&lt;br&gt;15 nouvelles distinctions&lt;br&gt;7Juil25
&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/figcaption&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		
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